Inflate

Raw DEFLATE (RFC 1951) decompressor. It is a pure-Kotlin translation of Mark Adler's puff(), the deliberately simple reference inflate that ships with zlib at contrib/puff/puff.c.

Differences from the C, all behaviour-preserving:

• puff writes into a caller-supplied fixed-size buffer and returns 1 ("output space exhausted") when it's too small; we grow the output array on demand instead, so error code 1 never occurs here.

• puff signals "ran past the end of input" via setjmp/longjmp; we model that non-local exit with a private OutOfInput throwable caught at the top of inflate, mapping to InflateError.DATA_DID_NOT_TERMINATE.

• puff's "scan only" mode (dest == NULL) is omitted; we always materialise the output.

Bits are consumed LSB-first within each input byte; Huffman codes are read MSB-first and accumulated in reversed order so canonical codes compare as plain integers (see decode).

This object is stateless and thread-safe; all mutable inflate state lives in the private State created per call.